If you live on the water in New Hampshire, or you’re thinking about buying waterfront property, you’ve most likely come across the topic of shoreline protection. But what exactly does that mean? In simple terms, shoreline protection is about keeping our lakes, rivers and ponds clean, healthy, and beautiful for generations to come.

Here in New Hampshire, our lakes and rivers are some of the state’s greatest treasures. It’s where we swim, fish, boat, and unwind. Proper planning and precautions need to be taken to prevent erosion, sedimentation, pollution, and damage to wildlife habitats. It also makes recreational opportunities on the water less enjoyable for everyone. That’s where shoreline protection laws come in.

What Is the Shoreland Water Quality Protection Act?

The New Hampshire Shoreland Water Quality Protection Act (SWQPA) is a state law that applies to properties within 250 feet of the high-water line of most lakes, ponds, rivers, and large streams. It’s a set of rules that protects our natural shorelines from potential damage caused by development.

What to Know

Keep some natural vegetation. You cannot clear cut all the trees or plants right up to the water’s edge. It is a major violation. Native trees, shrubs, and groundcovers will help filter runoff and keep the shoreline stable.
Building setbacks are required. Most structures need to be at least 50 feet away from the water. This waterfront buffer protects the shoreline and helps preserve water quality.
Manage stormwater. New construction needs a plan to manage runoff from roofs, driveways, and other hard surfaces. Unmanaged stormwater can carry pollutants into the lake.
Permits are needed. Any projects involving earth disturbance with-in the 250’ Protected Shoreland require permit approval from the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES).
Many towns have more stringent regulations than the SWQPA, so be sure to review your local Zoning Ordinance.

If you plan to build or renovate a property near the water, be aware of the rules. They’re there to help protect your land, your lake, and your community. Start by checking the NHDES website or talking to your local planning department. You can also work with a local architect or qualified professional to guide you through the process.